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Recently, tsinghua university, tianjin institute of high-end equipment functional polymer, chief expert, lead the team, a researcher Li Jingye graft using electron beam modification technology, developed a can broad-spectrum shoppers will be coronavirus coated virus and various kinds of bacteria such as antiviral function of antibacterial textile fabrics, use it for personal clothing and home textile products, It is expected to help the fight against COVID-19 win the final victory at an early date and contribute to the strategic goal of Healthy China.
It is worth mentioning that the team also received an authoritative test report from China's top biosafety laboratory in March, which confirmed that its electron beam grafting technology can effectively combat the original COVID-19 strain and Omicron strain. According to the internationally recognized standards for antiviral textiles, the antiviral rate of more than 99% can be regarded as effective. The test results showed that the antiviral and antimicrobial textiles they prepared reached 99.89% antiviral rate against novel coronavirus, which fully met the requirements of international standards.
Previously, the researchers have tested the flu virus H3N2, as well as common bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and Candida albicans, with promising results.
Using the concept of "fruit grafting", the three characteristics of safety, durability and broad spectrum antibacterial are realized
Different from the traditional functional modification methods of fabrics, the team used electron beam grafting modification technology to complete the antiviral and antibacterial functional treatment, the key is to make the fiber macromolecules and functional molecules completely form a strong covalent bond link.
The polymer chemical term "grafting modification" is actually borrowed from the concept of "grafting of fruit trees" in horticulture. Through fruit grafting technology, people can combine two different varieties of plants to obtain new complementary plants. Grafting modification is grafting of fruit trees at the molecular level. Firstly, electron beam is used to cut the cellulose macromolecule, and then several functional molecular branches are "armed" to the cellulose macromolecule.
The team said its proposed electron beam grafting modification technology has three characteristics: safety, durability and broad-spectrum antimicrobial resistance.
First of all, safety is not only a major prerequisite for the use of antibacterial and antiviral materials, but also an important prerequisite for the realization of durability and broad-spectrum antibacterial, so it has attracted the most attention of researchers. They completely combine antibacterial and antiviral molecules with backbone molecules through covalent bonds, forming a molecular layer of composite textile fabric, so that functional molecules will not fall off from the cellulose macromolecules in the washing process, and almost will not enter the body. At the same time, this is also one of the problems that the antibacterial and antiviral materials prepared by the traditional technical route are difficult to solve.
The second is durability, because the antibacterial and antiviral function molecules and cellulose macromolecules are integrated, until the whole macromolecule completely decomposed will fall off, the electron beam grafting modified textile fabric washing 150 times can also maintain the original performance, greatly exceeding the industrial requirements for antibacterial textiles washing 50 times.
Finally, the broad spectrum antibacterial aspect. As an enveloped virus, novel coronavirus consists of three parts: protein spikes, envelope and genetic material. Disruption of any of these structures will render the virus avirulent. The mechanism of action of this technology is to destroy the envelope and it will not be affected by protein spikes and genetic material changes, so it can kill various novel coronavirus strains.
In principle, the technique works against viruses with envelopes and bacteria with membranes, including the latest monkeypox virus and the infamous Ebola virus.
After 20 years of research and accumulation, quaternary ammonium salt was selected as a functional molecule to carry out research
It is known that researcher Li Jingye has been engaged in grafting modification of polymer materials since 20 years ago when he was a postdoctoral fellow in Waseda University, Japan, and has accumulated about 13 years of research on combining this technology with the application in the field of textiles. In 2014, he led a team to conduct research on antibacterial textiles by grafting technology, and spent two or three years verifying the safety, durability and broad spectrum of functional textiles prepared by grafting technology. However, they did not make it to the end of the year due to the low market acceptance of antimicrobial products and the lack of precedent for the use of electron beam grafting technology and equipment in the textile industry.
After the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the team turned their attention to the virus again. However, at that time, people did not have a thorough understanding of the novel coronavirus, nor did they have a comprehensive understanding of the spreading modes of the novel coronavirus. At that time, they still took a persistent attention and learning attitude.
With the persistence of COVID-19, researchers have gradually defined the characteristics of novel coronavirus and other enveloped viruses, and decided to transfer their technical experience in antibacterial textiles to antiviral textiles. After contacting and communicating with many parties, they finally found a partner who was interested in this research through Tianjin High-end Equipment Research Institute of Tsinghua University and decided to carry out this cooperative research in a market-oriented way.
In the course of the study, the team found that there were still some differences between antibacterial and antiviral, and the difficulty of antiviral was somewhat greater than that of antibacterial, especially the novel coronavirus. Therefore, they chose to go back to the basics again, learn and screen the antiviral molecular structure from the perspective of disinfection, and redesign the molecular structure based on quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant that meets the requirements of disinfection and grafting modification technology.
According to Li, they chose quaternary ammonium salts because they are safe, stable and non-irritating, and because they are rich in chemical structures and have different characteristics.
After designing a series of functional molecular structures of quaternary ammonium salts, the researchers screened the structures with potentially high antiviral performance. Then the grafting study of the corresponding functional molecular textiles began.
Now available for personal, hospital and hotel textile products, the next target is packaging materials
At present, the team has promoted the electron beam grafted anti-viral textiles to the functional stage of fabric. In the future, we need to further carry out cooperation with enterprises to make the fabrics into practical products such as clothes, towels and bed sheets and covers. This process is not easier than technology research and development. The advantages of industry-university-research integration of Tsinghua University Tianjin High-end Equipment Research Institute play a great role in this research.
It is understood that after contacting a number of listed companies, the team realized that children and the elderly are in greater need of protection in the COVID-19 pandemic that is sweeping the world. For this, the researchers in guangdong, zhejiang and fujian, China's largest children's clothing production base for the detailed market research, and the head of the listed company in the shenzhen children's wear industry had a full discussion and communication, not only for their research and development provides effective specific ideas, and greatly enhanced the confidence of the team.