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In recent years, similar to traditional supercapacitors, fibrous supercapacitors can store electrical energy by a reversible adsorption of electrode surface or internal pore electrolyte ions, and ion embedding of ion-embedded oxygen reactions or electrode surfaces by surface method Take out the storage of the cavity. Currently, existing flexible energy storage devices include supercapacitors, lithium ion batteries, lithium sulfur batteries, lithium-empty batteries, zinc empty batteries, and aluminum empty batteries.
Fiber supercapacitor
Supercapacitor is a power device that can quickly charge and discharge, its efficiency is close to 100%, with excellent power performance, good reversibility and cycle stability. In recent years, the supercapacitor has been widely used in the energy storage device for flexible wearable electronic equipment due to its excellent electrochemical performance. Depending on the substrate and the structure, the diameter of the fibrous supercapacitor is different from micrometers to millimeters. Conventional textiles made of natural cotton fibers / yarns or synthetic fibers are inherently non-conductive, and thus the preparation of fiber supercapacitors is to impart excellent conductivity of these flexible substrates. For example, the Higashi-Quality Team of Huazhong University of Science and Technology has prepared a cotton yarn-wearing yarn supercapacitor. The apparatus is coated with a single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNTS) on the surface of the cotton wire using the impregnated drying process. Due to their strong interaction, the cotton yarn is closely covered by SWCNTS, and the resulting cotton wire has high electrical conductivity. In addition, nano MnO2 and PPY films were grown on the SWCNT coated cotton line by electrodeposition. MnO2 is the primary active substance, and PPY has contributed to the electrical conductivity and capacitance of the device. The obtained PPY-MnO2-CNT cotton nanostructure has good electrochemical properties, and after 2000 charge and discharge cycles, the scan rate is 1 mV / s, the area capacity is 1.49F / cm2, and the capacitance retention ratio is 87%. At the same time, it is also of great significance for the diversity of supercapacitor structure and function. Fudan University Peng Hui Sheng team prepared a electrochromic fiber supercapacitor based on the redox reaction of polyaniline. The apparatus is to be wrapped on the elastic rubber core, and then electrolyte the polyaniline to the carbon nanotube, and further immersed the electrode with an H3PO4-PVA gel electrolyte to prepare a fibrous supercapacitor. The device exhibits better responsiveness and reversible color transition during charging and discharging.
The supercapacitor fabric made by knitting or woven can exhibit higher energy density and power density than the single device structure. For example, Zhejiang University Superb Team proposes a wet wet-spun assembly strategy for woven a smooth supercapacitor core fabric.
Fiber-type lithium ion battery
Lithium ion batteries are typically composed of cathodes, anodes, and electrolytes. Unlike the supercapacitor surface control mechanism, the electrochemical process of lithium ion is embedded / disengaged is diffused on the material having a particular structure, and many of the conductive material of the lithium ion battery active material having a suitable structure is poor. The conductivity of the fiber is the conductivity of the energy storage device for the substrate proposes a higher requirements. Currently, fibrous lithium ion batteries are typically constructed by wrapping or parallel. For example, Fudan University Peng Hui Sheng team proposed a method of preparing a fibrous lithium-ion battery, and a micro fibrous lithium ion battery is manufactured by a lithium wire arranged in a nanotube fiber and a positive and negative electrode acting. . In order to further improve the electrochemical performance of carbon nanotube fibers, the Korean Seoul National University CHONG RAE PARK team proposes a simple and vifferent method to prepare flexible fibrous lithium ion batteries by modifying the synthesis of carbon nanotube yarns. . The surface of the carbon nanotube fibers synthesized with an excess ferric catalyst typically covers the carbon layer, and the graphite of the carbon layer is low, and it is easily removed by partial oxidation process compared to carbon nanotubes. At the same time, the residual iron catalyst exposed to the outside is easy to oxidize in the air, and can easily convert Fe2O3 nanoparticles having electrochemically active. The carbon nanotube fibers containing Fe2O3 nanoparticles are an anode, and the LiFePO4 coated carbon nanotube fibers are cathodes, and assembled with a gel electrolyte to a fiber lithium ion battery having only a few hundred microns in diameter. When powered by the LED electronic component, the device still has excellent energy storage performance and mechanical properties even in the case of dynamic bending and knotting.
Lithium ion battery fabrics fabricated by woven or knitted lithium ion batteries can effectively solve high energy and high power requirements of energy storage devices through woven or knitted lithium ion batteries. At present, the carbon nanotube fiber or yarn is widely used in a lithium ion battery fabric due to the characteristics of high strength, high conductivity, high long diameter ratio and good flexibility. For example, the Maryland University Wang Yizhuang team proposed a high-capacity lithium-ion battery method for preparing a flexible woven electrode, which grows vertically arranged carbon nanotubes on the fiber base by CVD method, and then grown in carbon nanotube fibers. Α-Si . The results show that such composite fibers have excellent webbing and have a high degree of extensibility during the woven process, the device exhibits high capacity of 2200 mAh / g. This simple, economical, scalable electrode preparation method provides a new way for the design of high-performance lithium-ion battery composite electrode materials.